11.02.2012 / 08:14


Building Services



Problems


Problems and restrictions can be caused by:

» Limescale formation and deposits
» Corrosion
» Blockage of pipes, fittings and equipment with sludge
» Microbial contamination, e.g. by Legionnaires’ Disease

Causes:

» Hard and aggressive water
» Failure to observe norms and guidelines
» Lack of water treatment
» Unfavourable operating conditions

Scale formation
Increased hardness constituents can lead to stubborn deposits and encrustations in piping systems, fittings and equipment.
But also wherever water is heated, e.g. in warm water systems or throughflow heaters, coffee or tea machines, air-humidifiers or wherever the overall hardness of the water is increased by evaporation, such as in air-scrubbers or cooling towers; even low concentrations in the drinking water can lead to troublesome deposits.

Steinbildung 

Corrosion
If water, and especially soft water, contains too much free, aggressive carbonic acid, this can attack metal pipes and fittings. Increased chlorine and sulphate contents also promote corrosion and attack concrete. At the same time, soft water also makes the build-up of natural protective layers more problematical. In circulating systems such as open cooling circuits or air-scrubbers, the concentration of all dissolved constituents is increased due to evaporation, bringing an increased risk of corrosion.
In the case of heating and steam generators too, the quality of the boiler water and feed water must be maintained within strict limits in order to avoid corrosion in the boiler, piping system or steam and condensate system.
 
Rohrkorrosion 

Microbial contamination
Long, complex piping installations, large warm water systems, limescale deposits and corrosion, together with stagnation, promote the microbial contamination of drinking water systems. Bacteria such as Legionnaires’ Disease can also get into room air via air-conditioners and air-scrubbers, if these are not operated in accordance with the applicable guidelines.

 Legionella pneumophila

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